Adult Nursing I (Theory)
Course No.:
BSN 9
Placement:
Second Year
Total Hours:
100 Hours
Total Marks:
100 Marks
Course Description
This course provides in-depth knowledge related to developmental needs and tasks of adults and their care associated with medical and surgical problems including pre and post operative nursing care of surgical clients in addition to the bodily disorders related to respiratory, musculo-skeletal, digestive, urinary, metabolic, endocrine and cardio-vascular systems. This course also provides the students with the knowledge for performing/assisting various diagnostic tests and providing comprehensive nursing care to the adult patients.
Course Objectives
At the end of the course the student will be able to:
- Describe the developmental needs and tasks of adult.
- Discuss the basic preparation and care of surgical patient during preoperative, and postoperative period.
- Identify the common disorders related to various body systems.
- Describe the diagnostic procedures related to the disorders of the above body systems.
- Illustrate the care of the patient with above-mentioned disorders by adopting a holistic approach to problem solving.
- Describe the preventive and therapeutic approaches in the care of the patient with disorders related to different body systems.
- Perform nursing procedures related to the diseases conditions.
- Identify the complications occurring due to the disease conditions/ diagnostic conditions and take appropriate actions to manage them.
Syllabus Table of Contents
Quickly navigate to any unit in the Adult Nursing I Syllabus using the links below.
Course Content Details
Unit 1: Developmental Need and Tasks of Adulthood 6 hrs
- Definition of terms: Adulthood, young adult, middle and elderly adult.
- Developmental needs of young and middle aged adult: physiological and psychological needs.
- Developmental tasks of young and middle aged adult.
- Role of nurses in health promotion of adults.
Unit 2: Preoperative and Postoperative Care 8 hrs
- Preoperative goals and patient assessment: Assessment of all systems, age, pain, nutritional status, fluid and electrolyte balance, infection and immunity, hematological function, estimating medical risks, anesthesia and anesthetic risk.
- Preoperative Care
- Preparation of skin and GI tract.
- Nutritional therapy.
- Preoperative anxiety reduction.
- Deep breathing and coughing exercises.
- Pain management.
- Immediate preparation on the day of surgery.
- Consent for surgery/Diagnosis/Therapeutic procedures.
- Preoperative medications.
- Transferring to OT.
- Preparing the patient room for post operative care.
- Immediate Postoperative care: Post anesthesia care unit nursing.
- Immediate assessment: airway, breathing, circulation and others (level of consciousness).
- Nursing care in post anesthesia care unit: Airway maintenance, monitoring BP and return of consciousness.
- Subsequent Postoperative nursing care
- Establishment of postoperative goals.
- Assessment of respiratory status, blood circulation, neurological status.
- Wound dressing.
- Intravenous therapy.
- Monitoring drainage tubes.
- Reducing pain and discomfort.
- Reducing nausea and vomiting.
- Discharge instructions.
Unit 3: Disorders of Respiratory System 12 hrs
- Review of anatomy and physiology of respiratory system.
- Disorders of the respiratory system: Obstructive pulmonary diseases, lung abscess, pleurisy, plural effusions, pneumothorax, empyema, emphysema, brocheictasis, asthma, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary heart diseases (corpulmonale), pulmonary embolism, sarcodosis.
- Benign and malignant growth.
- Occupational lung diseases (pneumoconiosis).
- Upper and lower respiratory infections i.e. pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumonia, and bronchitis.
- Nursing management of patient with above disorders.
- Special diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and nursing care of the client:
- Chest physiotherapy, spirometry and intermittent positive pressure breathing.
- Bronchoscopy, and bronchogram.
- Thorasynthesis, ABG analysis and sputum culture.
- Endotrachial intubation, tracheotomy and ventilation.
- Oxygen therapy.
- Care of the patient undergoing thoracic surgery.
- Pre and post operative nursing care.
- Potential complications and their management.
Unit 4: Disorders of Musculo-Skeletal System 10 hrs
- Review of anatomy and physiology of musculo-skeletal system: Muscle, bones, joint and ligaments.
- Common disorders of musculo-skeletal systems
- Common problems of extremities.
- Metabolic bone disorders: Osteoporosis, Paget’s diseases, Osteomalacia, Osteomyelitis.
- Musculo-skeletal infections: Septic Arthritis.
- Benign and malignant tumors of the bone.
- Muscular disorders: Muscular dystrophy.
- Inter-vertebral disorders: Acute low back pain.
- Fracture and dislocation of joints.
- Diagnostic procedures: MRI, Nuclear studies, endoscopic studies, laboratory studies and other investigations.
- Management of clients with musculo-skeletal disorders/injuries.
- Management and nursing care of patient in cast, braces and traction.
- Pre and post operative management of patient undergoing orthopedic surgery: joint replacement, internal and external fixation, fractures, sports injuries and amputation.
Unit 5: Disorders of Gastro-intestinal System 16 hrs
- Review of anatomy and physiology of digestive system including liver and gall bladder.
- Clinical manifestation of gastrointestinal and metabolic disorder.
- Disorders:
- Inflammation of salivary gland.
- Oesophagitis, oesophageal varices.
- Achalasia, hiatus hernia.
- Gastritis.
- Peptic ulcer.
- Gastro-oesophageal bleeding.
- Pancreatitis.
- Hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver, hepatic enceplalopathy.
- Cholecystitis, cholelithiasis.
- Peritonitis, ascites.
- Appendicitis, diverticulitis.
- Intestinal obstruction.
- Hernia.
- Inflammatory bowel diseases: Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.
- Benign and malignant growth of gastro-intestinal system.
- Management and nursing care of the patient with problems of gastrointestinal, liver and gall bladder orders.
- Special Nursing procedures
- Gastrointestinal intubations.
- Types of tubes and methods of insertions.
- Surgical procedures related to gastro-intestinal tract, liver (liver transplant and gall bladder and their indications, contraindications and complications.
- Diagnostic procedures/investigations performed in gastrointestinal systems and nursing responsibility in caring the individual undergoing following procedures: Ultra sonography, endoscopy, barium meal, barium enema, X-rays, CT scan, cholicystography, liver function test, liver biopsy, and other diagnostic tests.
- Types of operations: Vagotomy, Vagotomy with pyloroplasty, Gastroenterostomy, Anterectomy, Subtotal gastrectomy, Cholecystectomy, Choledochotomy.
- Complications of gastric, liver and biliary surgery.
- Nursing management of clients with gastrointestinal disorders.
Unit 6: Disorders of Urinary System 12 hrs
- Review of anatomy and physiology of urinary system.
- Urinary tract disorders:
- Urinary tract infections: Upper and lower.
- Pyelonephritis: Acute and chronic.
- Glomerulo nephritis- Acute and chronic.
- Nephrotic syndrome.
- Acute and chronic renal failure.
- Urolithiasis (bladder and kidney stones).
- Hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney disease and renal abscess.
- Diagnostic procedures/investigations in patients with urinary disorders and nursing responsibilities:
- Urinalysis, Cystography, Intravenous urography, Retrograde pylography.
- Endoscopic procedures, Kidney biopsy, Urodynamic studies.
- Renal function tests, Kidney, ureter and bladder studies (KUB).
- Ultrasonography, Computed tomography (CT scan), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
- Management of the client with urinary disorders:
- Catheter drainage and care.
- Hemo and peritoneal dialysis.
- Kidney transplantation.
- Prevention of fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
Unit 7: Disorders of Endocrine System 8 hrs
- Review of anatomy and physiology of endocrine system.
- Disorders of endocrine system including diabetes mellitus.
- Disorder of pituitary gland, thyroid and parathyroid gland, adrenal gland.
- Benign and malignant growth of endocrine organs.
- Diagnostic procedures performed in the endocrine disorders:
- Endocrine function tests: Thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pituitary.
- Radiography.
- Management and nursing care of patient with endocrine disorders including insulin and corticosteroid therapy.
Unit 8: Disorders of Cardiovascular, Blood and Lymphatic System 18 hrs
- Review of the anatomy and physiology of heart, blood vessels, blood and lymph.
- Disorders:
- Inflammatory cardiac disorders: Pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis, infective rheumatic heart disease and mitral and aortic valve disorders.
- Coronary vascular disorder: Angina pectoris, myocardial stenosis.
- Vascular disorder of peripheral circulation: Hypertension, cerebro-vascular accident, thrombophlebitis, varicose vein and aneurysm.
- Hematological disorders: Anemia, thalassemia, polycythemia, hemoplilia, leukaemia and purpura.
- Lymphatic disorders: Hodgkin’s disease, lymphoma.
- Cardiac problems: Cardiomyopathy, congestive cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, corpulmonale.
- Conductive disorders: Heart blocks.
- Complications from heart diseases: Pericardial effusion.
- Diagnostic procedures:
- Cardiac enzyme analysis, Blood chemistry, Chest X-ray and fluoroscopy, Electrocardiography.
- Cardiac stress testing, Cardiac catheterization, Angiography, Haemodynamic monitoring, Echocardiography.
- Management and nursing care of patient with medical and surgical conditions:
- Care during special procedure: Cardio version and defibrillation, Pacemaker therapy, Angioplasty, Cardiac rehabilitation, Cardio Pulmonary resuscitation.
- Special management of patient with valve repair and replacement procedures and Heart transplantation.
- Management and nursing care of patient with disorders of lymph, heart, blood and blood vessels.
- Complication from lymphatic, heart, blood and blood vessel surgeries.
Unit 9: Disorders of Nervous System 10 hrs
- Overview of anatomy and physiology of nervous system.
- Disorders of nervous system:
- Peripheral neuropathies, mononeuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome.
- Cerebrovascular diseases.
- Head injuries & Spinal injuries.
- Intracranial infections.
- Aneurysm.
- Degenerative neurological disorders.
- Brain tumors.
- Trigeminal neuralgia & Bell’s palsy.
- Care of unconscious patient.
- Approaches to microsurgical pain management.
- Management of patient with neurological dysfunctions and postoperative care for the patient undergoing for intracranial surgery.
Teaching and Evaluation
- Teaching Learning Methods: Interactive lecture and discussion, Seminar, Brain storming, Project work.
- Internal Assessment: Written examination, Group and individual assignment, Project work.
- Final Examination: Written examination.
References
- Basavanthapa B.T. (2003). Medical Surgical Nursing. New Delhi: Jaypee brothers.
- Grubb, N.R & Newby, D.E. (2000). Churchill’s Pocketbook of Cardiology. London: Churchills.
- Hills, L.D., Lange, R.A., Winniford, M.D. & Page R.L. (2003). Manual of Clinical Problems in Cardiology. (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Co.
- Suzanne, C. S. and Brenda, G. (2004). Brunner and Siddarth’s Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.