Community Health Nursing (Theory)
Course No.:
BSN 6
Placement:
First Year
Total Hours:
100 Hours
Total Marks:
100 Marks
Course Description
This course on Community Health Nursing is designed to provide the basic knowledge in relation to concepts of health, primary health care, home visiting, environmental health and sanitation and also the concepts of epidemiological approaches, in order to apply these knowledge in clinical field practice.
Course Objectives
At the end of this course on Community Health Nursing, the student will be able to:
- Describe the historical development of community health and community health nursing at international and national levels.
- Explain the concept of health.
- Describe the concepts, principles, and application of primary health care in the Nepalese context.
- Explain the process and principles of effective communication.
- Describe home visiting procedures.
- Explain the importance of environmental sanitation and its impact on health and well-being.
- Explain the responsibilities of a community health nurse regarding different aspects of environmental sanitation in the promotion of health.
- Explain the process of conducting a community diagnosis.
- Explain the different types of environmental health hazards.
- Describe the epidemiological concept and approaches for solving community health problems.
- Discuss the modes of disease transmission, causes of disease, prevention, and control measures of various diseases.
- Explain the levels of prevention of illness and the modes of intervention.
- Explain the process of investigating the epidemic outbreak of a disease in the community.
Syllabus Table of Contents
Quickly navigate to any unit in the Community Health Nursing Syllabus using the links below.
Also Read:
Fundamentals of Nursing Practicum (BSN 5)Course Content Details
Unit 1: Introduction4 hrs
- Definition of community, community health and community health nursing
- Historical development of community health and community health nursing
- National level
- International level
- Institutional versus community health nursing
Unit 2: Concept of Health5 hrs
- Definition of health (WHO) and optimum health and concept of family health
- Determinants of health
- Responsibility for health
- Individual/family responsibility
- Community responsibility
- National and International responsibility
Unit 3: Primary Health Care8 hrs
- Concept of primary health care
- Historical perspective of bringing primary health care
- The Alma Ata declaration and definition of primary health care
- Elements and principles of primary health care
- Targets for health for all by 2000 AD and beyond 2000
- Primary health care approach in current health plan and second long term health plan
- Roles and responsibilities of nurse in primary health care
Unit 4: Communication5 hrs
- Meaning/ definition, purpose and types of communication
- Communication process
- Barriers and measures of overcoming them
- Principles of effective communication
- Interview: Aims, kinds and technique
Unit 5: Home Visiting6 hrs
- Introduction, principles, advantages and purposes of home visiting
- Steps in home visiting
- Home visiting bag technique
- Maintenance of home visit bag
Unit 6: Community Diagnosis8 hrs
- Concept of community diagnosis
- Individual diagnosis
- Family diagnosis
- Community diagnosis
- Definition, purposes and components of community diagnosis
- Steps of community diagnosis
- Process of community diagnosis
- Analysis (editing, coding, tabulation)
- Interpretation and recommendation
Unit 7: Environmental Sanitation6 hrs
- Definition and components of environment
- Meaning of environmental pollution and its sources
- Effects of environmental pollution
- Global warming
- Green house effect
- Ozone layer
- Nuclear accidents
- Toxic hazards
- Role players in environmental health (positive/negative)
- Individual citizen
- Governmental organizations
- Non-governmental organizations
Unit 8: Water8 hrs
- Definition of safe and wholesome water and its requirement
- Uses of water
- Sources of water supply and its impurities
- Purification of water in small scale and large scale
- Water related diseases
- Biological
- Chemical
- Hardness of water: Meaning, disadvantages and its treatment procedures
Unit 9: Air Pollution4 hrs
- Meaning and sources of air pollution
- Auto mobiles
- Industries
- Domestic
- Miscellaneous
- Prevention and control of air pollution
- Containment
- Replacement
- Dilution
- Legislation
- International action
- Effects of air pollution
Unit 10: Noise4 hrs
- Meaning, sources and properties of noise
- Effects of noise exposure to human health
- Auditory effects
- Non-auditory effects
Unit 11: Housing7 hrs
- Meaning and its basic criteria for healthful housing
- Different housing needs and housing standards for better health
- Effect of poor housing on human health
- Effects of overcrowding in health and development
Unit 12: Refuse Disposal7 hrs
- Meaning and health hazards of solid wastes
- Sources of refuses and methods of disposal
Unit 13: Human Excreta Disposal6 hrs
- Public health importance
- Health hazards of improper disposal of human excreta
- Transmission of faecal-borne diseases and sanitation barrier
- Methods of disposal of excreta
- Service type
- Non-service type (Bore hole latrine, Dug well latrine, Water seal latrine)
Unit 14: Sewage Disposal6 hrs
- Meaning and health hazards of improper sewage disposal
- Methods of sewage disposal
- Primary treatment (Screening, Grit chamber, Primary Sedimentation)
- Secondary treatment (Trickling filter method, Activated sludge method)
- Other methods (Sea outfall, River outfall, Land treatment, Oxidation ponds)
Unit 15: Epidemiology12 hrs
- Commonly used terms: Infection, contamination, communicable/non-communicable diseases, epidemiology, epidemic, endemic, pandemic, sporadic, eradication, elimination, virulence, surveillance
- Aims and uses of epidemiology
- Epidemiological approach to solve problem (Asking questions, Making comparison)
- Concepts of disease causation (Agent, Host, Environment)
- Dynamics of disease transmission (Sources/reservoir, Modes of transmission, Susceptible host)
- Levels of disease prevention and modes of intervention
- Primordial prevention
- Primary prevention (Health promotion, Specific protection)
- Secondary prevention (Early diagnosis and treatment, Disability limitation)
- Tertiary prevention (Rehabilitation)
- Disease prevention and control (Controlling the reservoir, Interruption of transmission, The susceptible host)
Unit 16: Investigation of an Epidemic Outbreak4 hrs
- Introduction and objectives of an epidemic investigation
- The steps of epidemic investigation
Teaching and Evaluation
- Teaching Learning Methods: Lecture and discussion, Small group work and presentation, Brain storming.
- Internal Assessment: Written test, Written assignments.
- Final Examination: Written test.
References
- 1. Barker, DJP and Hall, AJ (1994). Practical Epidemiology. 4th edition. London, ELBS.
- 2. Basavanthappa, B.T. (1998). Community Health Nursing, New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Pvt.Ltd.
- 3. Beaglehole, Bonita and Kjeustrom. (1993). Basic Epidemiology. WHO, Geneva.
- 4. Bennett, FJ. (1979). Community Diagnosis and Health Action. A Manual for Tropical and Rural Areas. The Macmillan Press LTD.
- 5. Dixit, H. (1994). The Quest for Health. Kathmandu: HLMC,
- 6. Freeman, Ruth, (1984). Community Nursing. Virginia: Reston Publishing Company Inc.
- 7. Hale, C. Shrestha, 1B and Bhattacharya, A. (1996). Community Diagnosis Manual,. Kathmandu, HLMC.
- 8. Helvie, CO (1981). Community Health Nursing. Theory and Process. USA.
- 9. Kotwal, NS. (1982). A Public Health Manual. New Delhi: TNAI.
- 10. Last, J. M. (1997). Public Health and Human Ecology. New Jersey: Prentice Hall
- 11. MaCusker, J (1978). Epidemiology in Community Health. Kenya: African Medical and Research Foundation.
- 12. Mckenzie, J.F. Pinger R.R & Kotecki. (2002). An Introduction to Community Health. (4 th edition). Jones and Bartlett publishers, USA.
- 13. Park, K. (2005). A Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine. 18th edition Banarsidas, Bharat, India.
- 14. Rao, K. (2004). An Introduction to Community Health Nursing. Chennai: B.I. Publishers.
- 15. Sigdel, S. (1998). Primary Health Care Provision in Nepal. Kathmandu: GTZ/Primary Health Care Project.
- 16. Spradley, B.W. (1985). Community Health Nursing Concepts and Practice, 2nd edition. Boston, Toronto.
- 17. Stone, S.E., Eigsti, P.G. & McGuire, S.L. (1991). Comprehensive Family and Community Health Nursing. 3rd edition, Mosby.
- 18. Tinkham, C.W., Voorhies, E.F. & McCarthy, N.C. (1985). Community Health Nursing: Evolution and Process in Family and Community. USA.
- 19. ΤΝΑΙ (1989), A΄Community Health Nursing Manual. New Delhi: Gian Offset Press.
- 20. WHO. (1978). Primary Health Care, Alma-Ata, 1978. Geneva: Author