4 Properties of Hardened Concrete (6 hours)

4.1 Load-deformation behavior of hardened concrete, moduli of elasticity

4.2 Shrinkage and creep

4.3 Impact, cyclic loading and fatigue

4.4 Effect of water cement ratio (Abram’s law, effect of porosity and aggregate size)

4.5 Effect of gel/space ratio

4.6 Concrete maturity

4.7 Durability of concrete: Physical and chemical cause of deterioration, effect of water and permeability, sulphate attack, attack by sea water, alkali silica reaction (AAR/ASR), chloride ion penetration, carbonation, corrosion of steel in concrete