3 Heat and Thermodynamics (8 hours)

3.1 Quantity of Heat

3.1.1 Calorific value of Foods and Fuels

3.1.2 Bomb Calorimeter

3.1.3 Specific heat of solid: Dulong – Petit law, Einstein’s law

3.2 Nature of Heat

3.2.1 Degree of freedom

3.2.2 Maxwell’s law of equipartition of energy

3.2.3 atomicity of gases

3.2.4 Vander-Waal’s equation of real gases

3.2.5 Critical constants

3.3 Thermodynamics

3.3.1 Laws of Thermodynamics

3.3.2 Clapeyron latent heat equation

3.3.3 Entropy and Third law of thermodynamics

3.3.4 Negative energy

3.3.5 Maxwell’s thermodynamic relations

3.3.6 Gibb’s free energy and phase transitions

3.4 Heat and Mass Transfer

3.4.1 Fourier’s law of thermal conductivity

3.4.2 Use of thermal conductivity in building sciences

3.4.3 Thermal resistance

3.4.4 Types of convection

3.4.5 Law of diffusion

3.4.6 Relation between Stefan’s law and Newton’s law of Cooling

3.4.7 Pyrheliometer and Pyromete

3.1 Quantity of Heat

3.1.1 Detailed calculations of calorific values

3.1.2 Bomb calorimeter working principle with diagram

3.1.3 Mathematical derivations of Dulong-Petit and Einstein’s laws

3.2 Nature of Heat

3.2.1 Detailed analysis of degrees of freedom

3.2.2 Proof of equipartition theorem

3.2.3 Calculations for different atomicities

3.2.4 Derivation of Vander-Waal’s equation

3.2.5 Critical constants calculations

3.3 Thermodynamics

3.3.1 Detailed explanations of thermodynamic laws

3.3.2 Clapeyron equation derivation

3.3.3 Entropy calculations and examples

3.3.4 Negative energy concept with examples

3.3.5 Maxwell relations derivations

3.3.6 Gibbs free energy applications

3.4 Heat and Mass Transfer

3.4.1 Fourier’s law derivations

3.4.2 Practical applications in buildings

3.4.3 Thermal resistance calculations

3.4.4 Convection types with examples

3.4.5 Diffusion law applications

3.4.6 Mathematical relation between Stefan’s and Newton’s laws

3.4.7 Instrument diagrams and working principles