Class 12 English Essay Humility Complete Guide (NEB New Syllabus) | Notes, Exercise Solutions & Summary | Literature
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Welcome to your premier destination for the Class 12 English Essay Humility academic syllabus. This complete online textbook companion offers fully resolved answers to all end-of-chapter questions and literature context exercises.

Through this comprehensive resource on Class 12 English Essay Humility, authored by Yuval Noah Harari, you will explore profound themes of human history, religious egoism, the origins of civilization, and why acknowledging our shared existence is vital for global harmony.

To acquire more context on the historical elements depicted in the essay, you can explore the concept and history of humility online.

Access our general index for additional chapters here: Class 12 English Notes.

Class 12 English Essay Humility study notes

1. Class 12 English Essay Humility: Understanding the Text

Answer the following questions based on the essay.
a. Describe the claim of the Chinese nationalists about human history.
Chinese nationalists strictly claim that true history began with the legendary Yellow Emperor and the Xia and Shang dynasties. They fundamentally believe that anything of value that was accomplished by other rulers—like Westerners, Muslims, or Indians—is merely a pale imitation of original Chinese achievements.
b. What do pious Muslims believe about human history?
Pious Muslims firmly believe that all significant history follows the holy Quran. They assert that all the history before Prophet Muhammad was mostly meaningless, and all history following the Quran’s revelation revolves entirely around the Muslim ummah.
c. What did the Aztecs firmly believe about the universe?
The Aztecs firmly believed that annual ritual sacrifice was the sole reason behind the ongoing existence of the universe. They were convinced that without these annual sacrifices, the sun wouldn’t rise, and the whole cosmos would abruptly collapse.
d. What, according to the essay, are the universal human abilities?
According to the essay Class 12 English Essay Humility, the profound universal human abilities shared across all cultures are art, creativity, spirituality, and morality.
e. How are the basic yoga postures derived from the shape of the letters of the Hebrew alphabet?
The essay hilariously notes how certain groups attempt to connect everything to their origins. For instance, some claim basic yoga postures are derived from the shape of letters of the Hebrew alphabet: the yoga posture Tuladandasana supposedly imitates the letter ‘daled’, Trikonasana imitates the form of the Hebrew letter ‘aleph’, and so on.

2. Class 12 English Essay Humility: Reference to the Context

a. How do Hindu nationalists refute the Chinese claim that human history began with the Yellow Emperor and the Xia and Shang dynasties? Who do you agree with, and why?

Hindu nationalists aggressively refute the Chinese claim that human civilization began with the Yellow Emperor and the Xia and Shang dynasties by asserting that ancient Indian sages had already developed the advanced theory of airplanes and nuclear weapons long before figures like Plato, Confucius, Einstein, or the Wright brothers even existed.

In the ancient holy books of Hindus, different forms of evidence regarding scientific discoveries and advanced inventions are described long before modern scientists physically proved them. Hinduism is widely recognized to be one of the oldest continuing religions in the world, backed by various scientific as well as archaeological studies. Thus, many might find themselves agreeing with the Hindu nationalists over Chinese claims, pointing towards the profound early evidence that was found intertwined within early Hinduism’s texts.


b. The author has dealt with a controversial debate on human history. Why do you think history has been a major contested issue in the present world?

The essay Class 12 English Essay Humility written by Yuval Noah Harari brillianty tackles the different controversies and competing narratives surrounding human history. The essay presents the rigid thoughts and peoples’ deep-seated beliefs regarding human history, heavily colored by their specific religious and cultural lenses.

In my opinion, history has been a major contested issue in the present world primarily due to deep-rooted egoism. I would describe this egoism as the belief in the absolute supremacy of one’s own religion or culture, rather than a willingness to understand and respect others. Most individuals are indoctrinated to believe that their religion is the oldest and that their specific ancestors were the center of the universe. They believe that their culture is fundamentally superior to all others and that everything of value originated exclusively from their society.

Because of this collective cultural egoism, human history has inevitably become a major contested ideological battlefield. Through this essay, the author desperately wishes to remove this sense of blind superiority and domination from humanity, advocating instead for genuine humility.

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