Class 12 English Unit 17 War and Peace

Yes, historically and currently, Nepali people who can speak fluent English are often taken with a high degree of respect. In Nepal, English is frequently treated as a language of the elite and educated class. Most Nepalese subconsciously associate English fluency tightly with the economic class and elevated social status of a person. If you are highly fluent in English, you will largely be perceived as a very respectable, globally aware person who has achieved great things in life.

It’s almost the same sociological phenomenon as visiting a high-end store wearing classy, expensive clothes and instantly getting all the eager attention from the salespeople there. If you visit the exact same store with normal, casual clothes, you are bound to get significantly less attention. People often judge a book by its cover. For many Nepalese, if the metaphorical cover is presented in confident English, they will directly “buy” into the person’s authority, not just judge it.

The importance of learning English in the Nepali context cannot be understated. It is the primary global language of science, technology, international business, and higher education. For Nepali youth, mastering English opens doors to foreign scholarships, lucrative multinational jobs, and global networking, making it an indispensable tool for personal and national economic advancement.

Yes, I largely agree with Iqbal’s critical comments on the complex nature of crime and punishment. To genuinely cultivate and maintain a sustainable culture of peace, the state, society, and individuals ought to work together systematically.

Peace fundamentally begins with the individual. We must realize that, as individuals, we are not powerless and that the proactive power of one person can make a massive difference. As individuals, we must accept the profound responsibility to end the destructive scourge of violence and actively culminate a culture of peace. We must realize that true peace is far more than just the temporary absence of war. War is a catastrophic drain on both human lives and financial resources and, as global history proves, is not an effective means of resolving deep conflicts. Peace involves a continuous process of individual and communal participation. It requires strict justice, equal societal rights, and equal economic opportunities.

Next, society plays a very important role in maintaining peace and order in our daily social lives. In any society, every family has to be united to make their specific community a fine and secure place to live in. There should be a formation of special vigilance and support teams in society who actively take care of peace and dispute resolution. This team has to perform its civic duty for peace and order management and help determine the ethical boundaries for potential criminals.

The state also plays an incredibly important and responsible role in maintaining macro peace and order in social lives. The state has to properly implement various laws, rules, and regulations for the sake of lasting peace and order. It should focus critical attention on the absolute security of social lives by actively minimizing crime and structural violence from within the state itself. The state must enforce strict, unbiased rules against crime and powerful criminals. It should also have the proper, rehabilitative management of punishment for criminals too, ensuring justice rather than just revenge.

(Here is a descriptive paragraph, based on a personal experience:)

I met a guy during my early school days; initially, he seemed so genuinely good to me. Later, he tragically turned out to be the most dishonest and manipulative guy I have ever met. I used to trustfully share all my tiny and big secrets with him as we had become good friends in almost no time. As time passed, I found out that he was not worth that trust at all. He used to secretly reveal all those private things of mine with his stupid friends and maliciously misinterpret my actions behind my back. When I got to thoroughly know about that betrayal, I was completely broken and intensely frustrated. But being emotionally strong, I chose to forgive him, even though he didn’t ever sincerely apologize. I firmly believe in the motto — forget, forgive, and move on — and that is exactly how we should deal with such toxic people in our localities. But we must never forget the harsh lesson we learn from them.

It was Sunday afternoon. I was watching (watch) a cookery programme on TV when I realised (realise) how hungry I was. But of course, I was hungry; I hadn’t eaten (eat) anything since lunch, and I had run (run) a race in the morning. “Biscuits!” I thought (think). My mother had given (give) me a jar of delicious home-made biscuits.

I went (go) into the kitchen, opened (open) the fridge and poured (pour) some milk in a big glass. Then I looked (look) for the kitchen chair but it wasn’t (be) there: somebody had taken (take) it away. And there were no biscuits in the biscuit jar: somebody had eaten (eat) them all! I was sure I had put (put) the jar there the previous day and I had eaten (eat) only one cookie. It was very strange.

A few minutes later, I was drinking (drink) my glass of milk when I heard (hear) a loud noise coming from the dining room. I went (go) there quickly and I opened (open) the door. I couldn’t believe my eyes. An enormous monkey was eating (eat) the biscuits excitedly on the kitchen chair.