ESTIMATING AND COSTING (ENCE 351)

1. Introduction (3 hours)

1.1 Definition, importance and purpose of estimation

1.2 Units of measurement and payment

1.3 Data required for estimation of civil engineering works

1.4 Method of measurement of earthwork, plaster work, brick work, concrete work, reinforcement and wood work

2. Methods of Quantity Estimate (4 hours)

2.1 Long wall short wall method

2.2 Center line method

2.3 Crossing method

2.4 Bay method

3. Types of Estimate (4 hours)

3.1 Approximate estimate, purpose and methods

3.2 Detailed estimate

3.3 Revised estimate

3.4 Supplementary estimate

3.5 Complete estimate

3.6 Splitting of cost of building, road, water supply and sanitary works into sub-heads

3.7 Detail estimation formats (Summary of cost, detail quantity estimate, analysis of rate, abstract of cost and bill of quantities)

4. Detail Quantity Estimate of Building Works (10 hours)

4.1 Two-room load-bearing single-storey building with verandah

4.2 Four-room frame structured building with reinforcement calculations

4.3 Septic tank with soak pit

4.4 Underground water tank

5. Detail Quantity Estimate for Road, Bridge, and Irrigation Works (8 hours)

5.1 Pipe culverts, slab culverts, and box culverts

5.2 T-Beam bridge (Superstructure, abutment, and pier)

5.3 Well foundation

5.4 Earthwork in road construction in plain and hilly areas

5.5 Estimation of pavement work and retaining works in roads

5.6 Earthwork and lining works in irrigation canals

6. Analysis of Rates (6 hours)

6.1 Importance and purpose of rate analysis

6.2 Data required for rate analysis

6.3 Factors affecting rate analysis

6.4 Prevailing rate analysis norms and district rates in Nepal

6.5 Analysis of rate

6.5.1 Building works: Brickwork, concrete work, reinforcement work, woodwork, plasterwork, and flooring work

6.5.2 Road works: Earthwork in excavation/filling using equipment; Gabion, stone masonry, plum concrete, and pavement works

6.5.3 Sanitary and water supply works: Wash basin; commode and pan; pipes and fittings

7. Valuation (4 hours)

7.1 Purpose, importance, and principle of valuation

7.2 Concept of cost and value

7.3 Factors affecting the value of the property

7.4 Methods of valuation of properties

7.5 Valuation report and its components

8. Specification (6 hours)

8.1 Purpose of specifications

8.2 Types of specifications

8.3 Importance of specifications

8.4 Methods of writing specifications

8.5 Detail specifications (Site works; Structural works; Finishing works)

A comprehensive 15-hour tutorial scheme is assigned to help students grasp the practical applications of Estimating and Costing. Tasks include:

1. A two-storied residential building (Load-bearing and RCC frame structures)

2. Earthwork in the canal and lining

3. T-beam bridge with pier, abutment, and well foundation

4. Calculation of earthworks for roads in plain and hilly area

5. Analysis of rates of different items of works (Building, road, sanitary, irrigation)

6. Preparation and submission of valuation report for land and buildings

1. Chakraborti, M. (2006). Estimating, costing, specification and valuation in civil engineering (29th rev. and enlarged ed.). M. Chakraborti.

2. Dutta, B. N., Dutta, S. (1998). Estimating and costing in civil engineering: Theory and practice including specifications and valuation (24th ed.). UBS Publishers’ Distributors.

3. Birdie, G. S. (2014). A text book of estimating and costing for civil engineering (New ed.). Dhanpat Rai Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd.

4. Government of Nepal. Prevailing building codes and by-laws in Nepal.