TRAIL SUSPENSION BRIDGES (ENCE 366)

1 Introduction (4 hours)

1.1 Historical background

1.2 Development of trail bridges

1.3 Classification of trail bridges

1.4 Types of trail bridges

1.5 Components of trail Bridges

1.6 Specification of materials: Wire rope; Reinforcement; Structural steel; Wire mesh netting; Bulldog grip; Thimble; Nuts and bolts

1.7 Planning procedures: Socio-economical assessments; Preliminary site investigations

2 Trail Bridge Survey (4 hours)

2.1 Desk study

2.2 Preparation for survey

2.3 Site reconnaissance

2.4 Site selection

2.5 Preliminary design

2.6 Bridge axis survey

2.7 Bridge site survey

2.8 Geotechnical and geological assessment: Design parameters

2.9 Site photographs

3 Analysis and Design of Cable Structure (8 hours)

3.1 Loads on trail bridges

3.2 Cable properties

3.3 Cable geometry

3.4 Sag calculation for D-type and N-type bridges

3.5 Design of main and hand rail cables for D-type bridges

3.6 Design of main cables for N-type bridges

3.7 Design of spanning cables

4 Design of Short Span Trail Bridges (SSTB) (5 hours)

4.1 SSTB: D-type and N-type steel and construction drawing manuals

4.2 Determination of bridge span of SSTB D-type and N-type bridges

4.3 Selection of cable combination for D-type and N-type bridges

4.4 Selection of foundation block for D-type and N-type bridges

4.5 Selection of tower for N-type bridge

5 Long Span Trail Bridges (LSTB) (14 hours)

5.1 LSTB: D-type and N-type steel and construction drawing manuals

5.2 Design of the trail bridge cable: Cable design for suspended bridges; Cable design for suspension bridges

5.3 Wind effect and bridge stability

5.4 Wind loads on bridges

5.5 Design of wind-guy and Wind-ties cables

5.6 Design of tower for suspension bridges

5.7 Design of suspenders for suspension bridges

5.8 Design of bridge foundations

5.9 Drawings, cost estimating and reports

6 Construction of Trail Bridges (7 Hours)

6.1 Transportation and handling of bridge parts

6.2 Storage of bridge parts

6.3 Fabrication: Specification of materials, quality check and fabrication plant requirement

6.4 Galvanization: Introduction, galvanization process, quality check and specification for different bridge parts

6.5 Layout: SSTB D/N–type bridges, LSTB D/N-type bridges with/without wind guy cable

6.6 Earth works and civil works

6.7 Bridge erection: Tower erection; Cable hoisting (D-type and N-type bridges)

6.8 Fitting of bridge parts

6.9 Quality control and finishing works

7 Maintenance of Trail Bridges (3 hours)

7.1 Importance of maintenance

7.2 Routine maintenance

7.3 Major maintenance

7.4 Survey and design of maintenance works

7.5 Rehabilitation of bridges

1. Calculation of hoisting and full load sag

2. Design of cable for D and N type bridges

3. Design of suspenders

4. Design of all types of foundation for D and N types bridges

1. SSTB D-type bridge

2. SSTB N-type bridge

3. LSTB D-type bridge

4. LSTB N-type bridge

5. Visual presentation/demonstration/observation of trail suspension bridges

1. Suspension Bridge Division, Department of Roads, Institute of Engineering. (2003). A course manual on trail bridges.

2. Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads, Trail Bridge Section. (2003). Short span trail bridge standard: Technical handbook: How to build a short span trail suspended bridge (Vol. I and II).

3. Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads, Trail Bridge Section. (2003). Short span trail bridge standard: Steel and construction drawings.

4. Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads, Trail Bridge Section. (2004). Long span trail bridge standard: Technical manual.

5. Swiss Centre for Development and Cooperation. (2003). Short span trail suspended bridge: Technical handbook.

6. Swiss Centre for Development and Cooperation. (1992). Long-span trail bridge standard: Technical manual.