Class 12 English Unit 8 Human Culture
Complete Resource Guide: Notes, Solutions & Summaries
Navigate Class 12 English Unit 8 Human Culture with exact textbook solutions, detailed vocabulary notes, practical essays on waste management, and comparative grammar rules.
Welcome to your premier destination for the Class 12 English Unit 8 Human Culture academic syllabus. This complete online textbook companion offers fully resolved answers to all end-of-chapter questions and professional writing exercises.
Through this comprehensive resource on Class 12 English Unit 8 Human Culture, you will explore deeper meanings of cultural differences, the fascinating Japanese practice of sodaigomi, and practice English grammar regarding comparative adjectives and adverbs.
To acquire more sociological context on the waste management cultures described in this unit, you can explore the methods of waste management in Japan online.
Access our general index for additional chapters here: Class 12 English Notes.
1. Class 12 English Unit 8 Human Culture: Working with Words
| Root Word | New Word with Suffix | Part of Speech |
|---|---|---|
| Neighbour | Neighbourhood | Noun (n.) |
| Comfort | Comfortable | Adjective (adj.) |
| Shop | Shopping | Noun (n.) / Adj. |
| Husk | Husker | Noun (n.) |
| Squeamish | Squeamishly | Adverb (adv.) |
| Change | Changing | Adjective (adj.) / Noun |
| Shine | Shining | Adjective / Adverb (adv.) |
| Colloquial | Colloquially | Adverb (adv.) |
| Collect | Collection | Noun (n.) |
| Embarrass | Embarrassment | Noun (n.) |
| Persuade | Persuasive | Adjective (adj.) |
| Type | Typing | Adjective (adj.) / Noun |
| Differ | Difference | Noun (n.) |
| Ship | Shipping | Adjective (adj.) / Noun |
| Tropic | Tropical | Adjective (adj.) |
| Drive | Driving | Adjective (adj.) / Noun |
| Reside | Residence | Noun (n.) |
| Brother | Brotherhood | Noun (n.) |
| Fresh | Freshness | Noun (n.) |
2. Class 12 English Unit 8 Human Culture: Comprehension Solutions
3. Class 12 English Unit 8 Human Culture: Critical Thinking Analysis
Yes, I would certainly have collected articles from the sodaigomi pile if I happen to live in Japan someday. I live in a developing country where people traditionally only buy new things after the old ones get completely damaged and are absolutely unable to function properly. Therefore, living in a Japanese culture and strictly following the wasteful aspect of the sodaigomi tradition is simply not of my kind.
It is financially and mentally painful to go from a world where one has to struggle to buy basic goods, to one in which we didn’t have any household goods, couldn’t bring ourselves to buy the massively overpriced new ones in the store—and then saw heaps of perfectly clean, new-looking merchandise just sitting abandoned on the street. By quietly picking up discarded but functional items from sodaigomi, I would save a tremendous amount of money and would still live a highly comfortable life. So, definitely, I will collect usable articles from sodaigomi instead of wasting money going for new ones.
Some modern consumers love buying and selling second-hand items due to clear cost-effectiveness, as well as distinct ethical and environmental benefits. But unfortunately, many of the people in Nepal are not much interested in them due to social stigma or fears of poor quality. So to effectively encourage second-hand shopping in Nepal, the following strategic practices should be actively considered:
4. Class 12 English Unit 8 Human Culture: Writing Tasks & Essays
3Rs – Reduce, Reuse & Recycle
The foundational principle of reducing waste, reusing functional materials, and recycling old resources and products is often universally called the “3Rs.” Basically, it is a highly effective sequence of steps on how to manage global and local waste properly. Reducing means consciously choosing to use things with extreme care to fundamentally reduce the raw amount of waste generated at the source. Reusing involves the repeated, creative use of items or specific parts of items which still retain highly usable aspects, such as using glass jars for storage. Recycling means the intensive industrial use of the waste itself as new raw resources to manufacture new products. The three R’s all work synergistically to cut down drastically on the massive amount of garbage we throw away daily. They actively conserve fragile natural resources, save limited landfill space, and preserve energy. Plus, the three R’s save valuable community land and public tax money that municipalities must otherwise use to dispose of toxic waste in sprawling landfills. Siting a new landfill has become increasingly difficult and far more expensive globally due to strict environmental regulations and fierce public opposition, making the 3Rs more vital than ever.
12/24 Amritnagar Tole,
Kalanki, Kathmandu
26th Jan, 2021
To the Editor,
The Kathmandu Post
Sub: Regarding the news coverage about ‘Solving Garbage Problems’.
Dear Sir,
I would be highly grateful if you allow a little space in your widely circulated and deeply popular newspaper. In order to urgently draw the attention of the general public as well as the concerning municipal authorities of the government to the mounting problem of garbage management in most of the cities in Nepal, I am writing this letter.
We all know that we have a seriously escalating garbage problem. It is abundantly clear that there will be absolutely no value derived from waste, either as renewable energy or reusable material, if it is not strictly segregated at the household level. But this is exactly where our current waste management system stops short. The widespread problem of waste is something that desperately needs to be handled on a smaller, localized scale and then aggregated logically to solve the bigger national problem.
Waste-pickers already contribute greatly to solving this problem informally. We urgently need to tap into their immense capacity. An IT platform like ‘I Got Garbage’ can build profitable, dignified business models for waste-pickers. Instead of blindly picking and dumping mixed garbage from each house into a truck, the government can easily provide a small subsidy and give every home an organic composter. Sprawling landfill sites can never be a sustainable solution to solid waste in rapidly growing cities as it is a deeply outdated idea.
Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle are the most common, proven methods to drastically reduce landfill waste. Approximately 80 percent of the organic waste littering our streets can be safely and profitably used if the government actively cooperates with local pig and poultry farmers in the respective cities. I deeply wonder why the authorities are not swiftly adopting this proven method. As long as our governments try cleaning the city by doing the exact same failing things they always did and simply say they will “do it better this time”, the city won’t ever become cleaner. We desperately need something dramatically different and community-driven.
I sincerely hope the concerning authorities will read this and take appropriate, progressive steps immediately.
Looking forward to seeing a robust article in this regard in your upcoming publication.
Faithfully yours,
Subarna P.
5. Class 12 English Unit 8 Human Culture: Grammar (Comparisons)
→ He is not as intelligent as he pretends.
→ I’m not as busy as I was yesterday.
→ Bikram has lived in Kathmandu 10 years more than Hari.
→ I don’t study as much as I used to do.
→ In fact, it’s the best room in our hotel.
→ He spends more than he earns.
→ Mt. Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
→ It was not as far as I thought.
→ Mohan can’t play as well as Bharat.
