Class 10 English Unit 9
History and Culture

Nepal’s transition from the Panchayat System to a multiparty democracy was a lengthy and tumultuous process. It all began on January 1, 2017, when King Mahendra dismissed the elected government, suspended parliament, imprisoned the Prime Minister and Ministers, banned political parties and activities, and consolidated his power. This led to the establishment of the autocratic Panchayat System on January 22, 2017, which lasted for almost thirty years. While this period provided some stability, it was marred by corruption, human rights abuses, and the suppression of dissent.

In 2036, King Birendra announced a referendum to determine whether the Panchayat System should continue or if a multiparty democracy should be established. The election took place on April 20, 2037, with the majority of people voting in favor of a multiparty democracy. However, the King disregarded the result, and Nepal remained under the Panchayat System for another five years.

In 2042, a non-violent civil disobedience movement was launched against the Panchayat System. This movement was led by various political parties, civil society organizations, and student groups. Initially suppressed, the movement gained momentum and forced the government to make some concessions. Eventually, on February 7, 2046, the mass movement officially commenced and continued for several weeks until the King agreed to restore the multiparty system on April 26, 2046.

The restoration of multiparty democracy marked a significant turning point in Nepal’s history. It brought forth political freedom, respect for human rights, and economic growth. The journey from the Panchayat System to multiparty democracy in Nepal was arduous and demanding, but it demonstrated the resilience and determination of the Nepali people to achieve their aspirations for a brighter future.

In my opinion, studying history is not just a waste of time; it is essential for several reasons. History provides us with a deeper understanding of the world we live in today. It allows us to examine the past, learn from it, and make informed decisions for the future.

Firstly, history helps us comprehend the present by shedding light on the origins of social, political, and cultural systems. By studying the past, we can identify patterns, trends, and factors that have shaped our societies and institutions. This knowledge enables us to navigate current challenges more effectively, as we can draw upon the lessons of the past.

Secondly, history promotes critical thinking and analysis. It teaches us to evaluate sources, analyze evidence, and develop coherent arguments. These skills are invaluable in various fields, including law, journalism, and policymaking. History also fosters empathy and tolerance by exposing us to diverse perspectives and cultures. By understanding the experiences of others in different times and places, we become more empathetic and open-minded individuals.

Furthermore, studying history helps us avoid repeating past mistakes. By examining the consequences of past actions and decisions, we can make more informed choices in the present. History serves as a cautionary tale, reminding us of the dangers of prejudice, extremism, and authoritarianism.

Lastly, history allows us to appreciate human achievements and understand our collective heritage. It helps us preserve cultural identities, traditions, and shared values. By studying the accomplishments of past civilizations, we gain a sense of continuity and a connection to those who came before us.

In conclusion, studying history is far from being a waste of time; it is an essential discipline that enriches our understanding of the world, enhances critical thinking skills, fosters empathy, and guides us towards a better future.

The Bat, the Birds, and the Beasts

Once upon a time, in a distant land, there arose a great conflict between the birds and the beasts. The disagreement escalated to such an extent that both sides decided to gather their armies and prepare for a full-scale war. The birds, with their majestic wings and sharp beaks, lined up on one side, while the formidable beasts, with their powerful claws and ferocious roars, assembled on the other.

As the tension grew, a small creature named Bat watched from the sidelines, unsure of where it belonged. The Bat possessed both the characteristics of a bird and a beast. It had wings like the birds, enabling it to fly gracefully through the air, but it also had the body of a small mammal, which classified it as a beast.

When representatives from both armies approached the Bat, urging it to join their ranks, the creature hesitated. “I cannot pick a side,” the Bat declared firmly. “For I am neither a bird nor a beast. I am simply a creature of the night.”

The beasts, desperate to strengthen their numbers, implored the Bat, saying, “But Bat, your wings allow you to soar above the battlefield, giving us an advantage. Join us, and together we shall conquer the skies!”

The Bat, not willing to be swayed, responded, “I am sorry, my friends, but I am a beast. I cannot forsake my nature.”

The birds, hearing the Bat’s response, decided to intervene. They approached the Bat, asking, “Bat, your ability to fly places you among us. Join our flock, and we shall protect you.”

The Bat, feeling conflicted, replied, “Dear birds, I appreciate your offer, but I am a beast. I cannot deny the truth of my being.”

Seeing the deadlock and realizing the futility of war, the birds and the beasts agreed to make peace. A truce was declared, and the two armies disbanded. There was great rejoicing, as the creatures celebrated the avoidance of bloodshed and destruction.

However, as the celebrations filled the air, the Bat’s heart swelled with a longing to be a part of the unity and joy. It decided to approach the birds and the beasts, hoping they would accept it despite its dual nature.

But to its dismay, both sides turned against the Bat. They felt betrayed by its earlier refusal to join them in their time of need. Angry and frustrated, they threatened to tear the Bat into pieces, casting it out of their newfound harmony.

Feeling rejected and hurt, the Bat swiftly spread its wings and took flight, leaving the creatures behind. As it soared into the night, the Bat realized the importance of staying true to oneself and accepting one’s own identity, regardless of the expectations of others.

Moral: One should never compromise their true nature or try to fit into predefined categories. Embracing our uniqueness and staying true to ourselves is the key to finding our place in the world, even if it means standing alone.