Class 10 English Unit 11
Ethics, Norms and Values
Complete exercise solutions for Unit 11 Ethics, Norms and Values, including Reading I & II, Grammar, and Writing tasks for SEE preparation.
Table of Contents:Ethics, Norms and Values
Reading I: Wisdom of Little Girls
A. Replace the words or phrases in red in the sentences below with the correct words from the brackets.
[abusing, finery, lassies, scrambled, fancy, folly, rejoicing, chip]
a. The lassies were dressed in their best finery to go to the party.
b. Do you sometimes fancy of living in a luxurious house?
c. When Shila was chased by a dog she scrambled quickly onto the wall.
d. The young lassies rejoiced everyone with their performance.
e. It was his folly to leave the bike unlocked in the street.
f. Each one accused the other of cheating. Soon, they started abusing each other.
g. Could you please give me a chip of paper? I can’t find the duster.
h. The farmers rejoiced when it rained after a long drought.
B. Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentences.
a. The two little girls were dressed in new frocks probably because……
Ans: ii. they had to go to church.
b. When Malasha was going to splash into the puddle……..
Ans: i. Akoulya asked Malasha not to go into the puddle.
c. While running home, the girls were caught……..
Ans: i. Akoulya’s mother
d. Akoulya’s grandmother……….
Ans: i. was able to calm down the crowd
e. While the men were busy fighting, the two girls……….
Ans: ii. played a game together
f. In the end, the men………
Ans: i. were guilty of their deed
C. Answer the following questions.
a. How were the girls dressed?
Ans: The girls were wearing brand new dresses. One of the girls had on a blue dress, while the other girl was wearing a yellow printed dress. They both had red scarves tied around their heads.
b. Where did the girls begin to play?
Ans: The girls started playing in a narrow path that ran between two houses, where a big puddle had formed from the muddy water flowing through the farmyards.
c. Why did Akoulya get angry with Malasha?
Ans: Akoulya became upset with Malasha because Malasha accidentally splashed water onto Akoulya’s dress while they were walking towards each other through the puddle.
d. Why did the crowd gather in the street?
Ans: A crowd assembled on the street as a result of a heated argument and quarrel that erupted between the mothers of the girls. The situation escalated into a tense confrontation involving the men from the neighborhood.
e. How did Akoulya’s grandmother try to calm down the crowd?
Ans: Akoulya’s grandmother attempted to pacify the crowd by inserting herself among them and addressing them, appealing to their rationality and reminding them that it was a time for celebration, not for engaging in arguments.
f. Why are the girls called wiser than men?
Ans: The girls were regarded as wiser than the men because amidst the men’s fights and the women’s arguments, the girls swiftly settled their own disagreement, let it go, and joyfully began playing together. They demonstrated a remarkable capacity to release anger and embrace happiness.
g. What lesson do you learn from the story?
Ans: The story teaches us that children, with their innocence and simplicity, often exhibit greater wisdom than adults. They possess the ability to swiftly forgive, forget, and discover joy, whereas adults tend to cling to resentments and involve themselves in unnecessary conflicts.
D. Remember a similar incident that happened during your childhood and share it in the class.
Answer:
When I was young, something amusing occurred in my neighborhood. It was a scorching summer day, and we congregated near a pond to beat the heat. As luck would have it, we stumbled upon a sizable branch floating in the water, and a brilliant idea struck us.
We transformed it into a game. Dividing ourselves into teams, we used the branch as a makeshift bridge to traverse the pond without getting soaked. Some of us succeeded in crossing with grace, while others ended up getting drenched, causing uproarious laughter. The outcome didn’t matter much because our primary focus was having a blast and cheerfully rooting for one another.
Grammar I (Negative Sentences & Subject-Verb Agreement)
B. Transform the following sentences into negative ones.
a. My sister lives with my parents.
Ans: My sister does not live with my parents.
b. Maryam knows the answer.
Ans: Maryam does not know the answer.
c. I want to leave now.
Ans: I do not want to leave now.
d. Anusha agrees with me.
Ans: Anusha does not agree with me.
e. The boy killed the cockroach with his shoe.
Ans: The boy did not kill the cockroach with his shoe.
f. His father recognized me at once.
Ans: His father did not recognize me at once.
g. He apologized for his misconduct.
Ans: He did not apologize for his misconduct.
h. He ate many mangoes.
Ans: He did not eat many mangoes.
i. We sold much money.
Ans: We did not sell much money.
j. The rich are always happy.
Ans: The rich are not always happy.
k. Knanchan often visits me.
Ans: Knanchan rarely visits me.
l. Sailesh bought some books.
Ans: Sailesh did not buy any books.
m. Garima let me use her toilet.
Ans: Garima did not let me use her toilet.
n. One of them can help her.
Ans: None of them can help her.
C. Complete the following sentences choosing the correct forms of verbs in brackets.
a. A number of soldiers………. (was, were, are) injured in the war.
Ans: were
b. The number of deceased soldiers ……… (were, is, are) not stored in the record book.
Ans: is
c. A pack of lions (was, were, is) approaching the camp.
Ans: is
d. His pants ……… (was, were, is) torn during the match.
Ans: were
e. The truthful ……..(was, is, are) always trustworthy.
Ans: are
f. To cry ….. (was, are, is) never the solution to any problems.
Ans: is
g. Here ……… (lie, lies, lying) the tomb of Albert Einstein.
Ans: lies
h. Either she or her friends……. (was, is, are) responsible for this accident.
Ans: are
i. None ……. (were, is, are) under the sun.
Ans: are
j. All that …… (glitter/ glitters/glittering) is not gold.
Ans: glitters
k. Everything……..(is, were, are) fine when it’s done correctly.
Ans: is
l. Either the sculpture or the paintings …….(was, were, are) in the museum today.
Ans: were
m. Each of the dancers …….. (twirl, twirls,twirling) brilliantly.
Ans: twirls
n. Neither she nor I ……..(were, am, are) getting the lunch special.
Ans: am
Writing I: Moral Story Writing
Question: You might have read or heard some moral stories. Write your favourite one in your own words.
The Wise Sparrow and the Farmer
Once upon a time, in a peaceful village nestled amidst lush green fields, lived a wise old farmer named Hari. Hari was known for his hard work and kindness. He had a small but flourishing farm where he grew a variety of crops.
One day, while working in his fields, Hari discovered a tiny sparrow with a broken wing lying on the ground. He gently picked up the injured bird and took it to his farmhouse. With great care, he splinted its wing and provided it a safe place to rest and heal.
As days passed, the sparrow gradually regained its strength. It chirped with joy, expressing its gratitude towards Hari. The bond between the farmer and the bird grew stronger each passing day.
One morning, as Hari prepared to resume his work in the fields, he noticed a group of hungry crows attacking his crops. They were pecking away at the sprouting seeds and destroying his hard work. Hari tried shooing them away, but the crows were relentless.
In his moment of distress, the sparrow, who had now fully recovered, flew up into the sky and began to chirp loudly. The crows, startled by the unexpected noise, stopped their destructive actions and flew away in fear. The grateful sparrows from nearby trees joined the courageous sparrow in warding off the crows.
Amazed by the brave little sparrow and its friends, Hari realized that he owed his crops’ safety to the tiny bird he had once helped. From that day on, he never underestimated the power of small acts of kindness.
Moral of the story: No act of kindness, no matter how small, is ever wasted. Just like Hari helped the injured sparrow, the sparrow, in turn, saved his crops. Kindness has a way of returning to us when we least expect it and often in the most unexpected ways.
Reading II: World Record
A. Complete the following table to extend the words to different word classes.
| Verb | Noun | Adjective | Adverb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ironize | Irony | Ironic | Ironically |
| Charm | charmness | charming | charmingly |
| Scorch | scorcher | scorching | scorchingly |
| Sizzle | sizzler | sizzling | sizzlingly |
| Beautify | beauty | beautiful | beautifully |
| Purify | purity | pure | purely |
| taste | tastiness | tasty | tastefully |
| surprise | surprise | surprising | surprisingly |
B. Write True for true and False for false statements.
a. Two people are going to cast their performance to break the world record today.
Ans: True
b. Michael is one of the contestants.
Ans: False
c. Michael also tried dipping his foot on the bucket.
Ans: False
d. Albert broke the world record for standing on a bucket of hot soup.
Ans: False
e. The word ‘sizzling’ is similar in meaning to “scorching”.
Ans: True
f. The program is a comedy show.
Ans: True
C. Answer the following questions.
a. Who is Mabel Phillips?
Ans: Mabel Phillips is one of the contestants in the TV studio attempting to break a world record.
b. What is she trying to do?
Ans: Mabel Phillips is leaning on a brush.
c. How do they maintain the heat of the soup?
Ans: The heat of the soup is maintained by Albert’s wife, Mrs. Hargreaves. She periodically brings more boiling soup and pours it into the bucket to keep it hot.
d. How far was Albert from breaking the record?
Ans: Albert was only one minute away from breaking the world record. At the time of the incident, he had been standing on one leg in the bucket of hot soup for seven hours and two minutes, while the world record was seven hours and three minutes.
e. How did the man lose his trousers?
Ans: The man lost his trousers because he took them off to have a bath. When he got out of the bath, his trousers were gone.
f. Why do you think Mabel pushed Albert?
Ans: Mabel’s push indicates that her action was a part of the comedic element of the show. It was likely intended to generate laughter from the audience and add a humorous twist to the situation.
Grammar II (Affirmative Sentences & Error Correction)
A. Change the following sentences into affirmative.
a. Dev Narayan does not perform well.
Ans: Dev Narayan performs well.
b. The dog did not bite Fatima.
Ans: The dog bit Fatima.
c. A room in the flat did not need painting.
Ans: A room in the flat needed painting.
d. All the students did not have to sit in the re-examination.
Ans: All the students had to sit in the re-examination.
e. He never drinks wine.
Ans: He always drinks wine.
f. Don’t pour much water in the curry.
Ans: Pour a little water in the curry.
g. Nobody came to me.
Ans: Somebody came to me.
h. There is not anyone in the locality living in luxury.
Ans: There is someone in the locality living in luxury.
i. He does not have a bath every day.
Ans: He has a bath every day.
j. Neither the boy nor the man goes to school.
Ans: Either the boy or the man goes to school.
k. She does not have anything in her bag.
Ans: She has something in her bag.
l. He does not work with us.
Ans: He works with us.
B. Rewrite the following letter correcting the errors in subject-verb agreement.
Corrected Letter:
Dear Hiring Manager,
I feel that I am the ideal candidate for the position of Communication Manager in your company. I have three years of experience as a receptionist in a company that is similar to yours. My phone skills and written communication are excellent. These skills, and others that I have learned on the job, help me understand that every person in a company helps make the business a success. At my current job, the team always says that I am very helpful. Everyone appreciates when I go the extra mile to get the job done right. My current employer and co-workers feel that I am an asset to the team. I, along with my colleagues, am efficient and organized. Are there any other details about me that you would like to know? If so, please contact me. Here is my resume. You can reach me by e-mail or phone. I look forward to speaking with you in person.
Sincerely Yours,
Adara Banu
Writing II: Condolence Message & Sympathy Letter
B. Write a similar message of condolence using the given outlines.
Jayananda Lama (1956-2022…….passed away at his residence, Kaushaltar Bhaktapur senior folk singer and actor incredible loss for the Nepali art sector ………..Kalakate Kainvo, Herda Ramro….. Chuin Chuin Chuilkane Joota, Mulako Ghana his super hit folk songs ……….acted in more than a hundred movies……. heartfelt condolences
Heartfelt Condolence
Date of Birth: 1956 A.D. Date of Death: 2022 A.D
Jayananda Lama
I am deeply saddened to hear about the passing of Jayananda Lama (1956-2022) at his residence in Kaushaltar, Bhaktapur. His departure is an incredible loss for the Nepali art sector, as he was not only a senior folk singer but also an exceptional actor.
Jayananda Lama’s contributions to the Nepali music industry are immeasurable. His soulful renditions of folk songs like “Kalakate Kainvo” and “Herda Ramro” resonated with audiences across the nation. Additionally, his melodious voice enchanted listeners in the famous track “Chuin Chuin Chuilkane Joota,” while his super hit folk song “Mulako Ghana” became an iconic piece in the industry.
Apart from his remarkable singing career, Jayananda Lama showcased his versatility by acting in over a hundred movies. His presence on the silver screen left an indelible mark on the hearts of his fans.
During this difficult time, please accept my heartfelt condolences. May Jayananda Lama’s soul rest in eternal peace, and may his family and loved ones find strength and solace in their cherished memories of him. His legacy will continue to inspire and touch the lives of many in the Nepali art fraternity and beyond.
Grade 10 Students
Shree Jalpa Devi Secondary School
C. Imagine you and your friend, Purna was working in a factory. Unfortunately, he broke his hand while working with a machine. Write a letter of sympathy using the clues given below.
Purna — 28 years old — working together for 3 years — regular and dutiful —a sort of mechanical failure — gets hand broken on 20th Oct 2022 — in hospital under treatment — wish a speedy recovery.
Suryagadhi-4, Nuwakot
Date: 25th October, 2022
Dear Purna,
I hope this letter finds you well, although I am deeply saddened to hear about the unfortunate incident that occurred at the factory. It came as quite a shock to me when I learned about your hand getting broken while working with the machine.
We have been working together for three years now, and during this time, I have come to know you as a dedicated and responsible colleague. Your commitment and diligence have always impressed me. It is truly disheartening to see you face such an unexpected setback.
I understand that accidents can happen, and sometimes there are unforeseen mechanical failures. However, it is unfortunate that you had to bear the consequences of this incident. I can only imagine the pain and discomfort you must be experiencing right now.
I sincerely hope that the medical treatment you are receiving at the hospital is effective and that you are under the care of skilled professionals. Please know that you are in my thoughts and prayers. My utmost wish is for your speedy recovery. May the healing process be swift and bring you back to good health soon.
During your absence from work, I will do my best to manage your responsibilities and ensure that everything runs smoothly. If there is anything specific I can do to assist you during this challenging time, please do not hesitate to let me know. I am here to support you in any way I can.
Once you are back on your feet, I look forward to seeing you at the factory again. Until then, take care of yourself, follow the medical advice, and allow yourself ample time to recover fully. Remember that your health and well-being are of utmost importance.
Sending you my warmest wishes and a heartfelt message of sympathy. You are missed, and I eagerly await your return to work. Get well soon, Purna.
With kindest regards,
Pabin Bhandari